Royal College of Ophthalmologists

Booklets Available


Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Sometimes the delicate cells of the macula become damaged and stop working, and there are many different conditions that can cause this. If it occurs later in life, it is called 'age-related macular degeneration'.

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Understanding Cataracts

A cataract is a clouding of part of your eye called the lens. Your vision becomes blurred because the cataract is like frosted glass, interfering with your sight.

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Understanding Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the name given to a group of hereditary eye disorders. These disorders affect the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of the eye, in which the first stages of seeing take place.

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Understanding Retinal Detachment

Retinal detachments often develop in eyes with retinas weakened by a hole or tear. This allows fluid to seep underneath, weakending the attachment so that the retina becomes detached - rather like wallpaper peeling off a damp wall.

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Understanding nystagmus

Nystagmus is an involuntary movement of the eyes - usually from side to side, but sometimes the eyes oscillate up and down or even in a circular motion. Most people with nystagmus have vision which is much worse than average - well below what is considered to be short sighted.

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Understanding Glaucoma

Glaucoma is the name for a group of eye conditions in which the optic nerve is damaged at the point at which it leaves the eye. This nerve carries information from the light sensitive layer in your eye, the retina, to the brain where it is received as a picture.

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Understanding Eye Conditions Related to Diabetes

Estimates suggest that nearly one person in twenty five in the UK is affected by diabetes mellitus, a condition which means that, due to a lack of insulin, the body cannot cope normally with sugar and other carbohydrates in the diet. Diabetes can start in childhood, but more often begins in later life.

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